// simulates ridge lift
//
// Written by Patrice Poly
// Copyright (C) 2009 Patrice Poly - p.polypa@gmail.com
//
//
// Entirely based  on the paper : 
// http://carrier.csi.cam.ac.uk/forsterlewis/soaring/sim/fsx/dev/sim_probe/sim_probe_paper.html
// by Ian Forster-Lewis, University of Cambridge, 26th December 2007
//
//
// This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
// modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
// published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
// License, or (at your option) any later version.
//
// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
// WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
// General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
// Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA.
//
//


#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#  include <config.h>
#endif

#include <Main/fg_props.hxx>
#include <Main/globals.hxx>
#include <Main/util.hxx>
#include <Scenery/scenery.hxx>
#include <string>
#include <cmath>
#include <simgear/sg_inlines.h>

using std::string;

#include "ridge_lift.hxx"

static const double BOUNDARY1_m = 40.0;

const double FGRidgeLift::dist_probe_m[] = { // in meters
     0.0, 
   250.0,
   750.0,
  2000.0,
  -100.0
};

//constructor
FGRidgeLift::FGRidgeLift () :
  lift_factor(0.0)
{	
	strength = 0.0;
	timer = 0.0;
	for( int i = 0; i < 5; i++ )
		probe_elev_m[i] = probe_lat_deg[i] = probe_lon_deg[i] = 0.0;

	for( int i = 0; i < 4; i++ )
		slope[i] = 0.0;
}

//destructor
FGRidgeLift::~FGRidgeLift()
{

}

void FGRidgeLift::init(void)
{
	_enabled_node = fgGetNode( "/environment/ridge-lift/enabled", false );

	_ridge_lift_fps_node = fgGetNode("/environment/ridge-lift-fps", true);
	_surface_wind_from_deg_node =
			fgGetNode("/environment/config/boundary/entry[0]/wind-from-heading-deg"
			, true);
	_surface_wind_speed_node =
			fgGetNode("/environment/config/boundary/entry[0]/wind-speed-kt"
			, true);
	_user_longitude_node = fgGetNode("/position/longitude-deg", true);
	_user_latitude_node = fgGetNode("/position/latitude-deg", true);
	_user_altitude_agl_ft_node = fgGetNode("/position/altitude-agl-ft", true);
	_ground_elev_node = fgGetNode("/position/ground-elev-ft", true );
}

void FGRidgeLift::bind() {
	string prop;

	_tiedProperties.setRoot( fgGetNode("/environment/ridge-lift",true));
	for( int i = 0; i < 5; i++ ) {
		_tiedProperties.Tie( "probe-elev-m", i, this, i, &FGRidgeLift::get_probe_elev_m );
		_tiedProperties.Tie( "probe-lat-deg", i, this, i, &FGRidgeLift::get_probe_lat_deg );
		_tiedProperties.Tie( "probe-lon-deg", i, this, i, &FGRidgeLift::get_probe_lon_deg );
	}

	for( int i = 0; i < 4; i++ ) {
		_tiedProperties.Tie( "slope", i, this, i, &FGRidgeLift::get_slope );
	}
}

void FGRidgeLift::unbind() {
	_tiedProperties.Untie();
}

void FGRidgeLift::update(double dt) {

	if( dt <= SGLimitsd::min() ) // paused, do nothing but keep current lift
		return;

	if( _enabled_node && false == _enabled_node->getBoolValue() ) {
		// do nothing if lift has been zeroed
		if( strength != 0.0 ) {
			if( strength > 0.1 ) {
				// slowly fade out strong lifts
				strength = fgGetLowPass( strength, 0, dt );
			} else {
				strength = 0.0;
			}
			_ridge_lift_fps_node->setDoubleValue( strength );
		}
		return;
	}

	timer -= dt;
	if (timer <= 0.0 ) {

		// probe0 is current position
		probe_lat_deg[0] = _user_latitude_node->getDoubleValue();
		probe_lon_deg[0] = _user_longitude_node->getDoubleValue();
		probe_elev_m[0]  = _ground_elev_node->getDoubleValue() * SG_FEET_TO_METER;

		// position is geodetic, need geocentric for advanceRadM
		SGGeod myGeodPos = SGGeod::fromDegM( probe_lon_deg[0], probe_lat_deg[0], 20000.0 );
		SGGeoc myGeocPos = SGGeoc::fromGeod( myGeodPos );
		double ground_wind_from_rad = _surface_wind_from_deg_node->getDoubleValue() * SG_DEGREES_TO_RADIANS;

		// compute the remaining probes
		for (unsigned i = 1; i < sizeof(probe_elev_m)/sizeof(probe_elev_m[0]); i++) {
			SGGeoc probe = myGeocPos.advanceRadM( ground_wind_from_rad, dist_probe_m[i] );
			// convert to geodetic position for ground level computation
			SGGeod probeGeod = SGGeod::fromGeoc( probe );
			probe_lat_deg[i] = probeGeod.getLatitudeDeg();
			probe_lon_deg[i] = probeGeod.getLongitudeDeg();
			if (!globals->get_scenery()->get_elevation_m( probeGeod, probe_elev_m[i], NULL )) {
				// no ground found? use elevation of previous probe :-(
				probe_elev_m[i] = probe_elev_m[i-1];
			}
		}

		// slopes
		double adj_slope[sizeof(slope)];
		slope[0] = (probe_elev_m[0] - probe_elev_m[1]) / dist_probe_m[1];
		slope[1] = (probe_elev_m[1] - probe_elev_m[2]) / dist_probe_m[2];
		slope[2] = (probe_elev_m[2] - probe_elev_m[3]) / dist_probe_m[3];
		slope[3] = (probe_elev_m[4] - probe_elev_m[0]) / -dist_probe_m[4];
	
		for (unsigned i = 0; i < sizeof(slope)/sizeof(slope[0]); i++)
			adj_slope[i] = sin(atan(5.0 * pow ( (fabs(slope[i])),1.7) ) ) *SG_SIGN<double>(slope[i]);
	
		//adjustment
		adj_slope[0] *= 0.2;
		adj_slope[1] *= 0.2;
		if ( adj_slope [2] < 0.0 ) {
			adj_slope[2] *= 0.5;
		} else {
			adj_slope[2] = 0.0 ;
		}
	
		if ( ( adj_slope [0] >= 0.0 ) && ( adj_slope [3] < 0.0 ) ) {
			adj_slope[3] = 0.0;
		} else {
			adj_slope[3] *= 0.2;
		}
		lift_factor = adj_slope[0]+adj_slope[1]+adj_slope[2]+adj_slope[3];
	
		// restart the timer
		timer = 1.0;
	}
	
	//user altitude above ground
	double user_altitude_agl_m = _user_altitude_agl_ft_node->getDoubleValue() * SG_FEET_TO_METER;
	
	//boundaries
	double boundary2_m = 130.0; // in the lift
	if (lift_factor < 0.0) { // in the sink
		double highest_probe_temp= std::max ( probe_elev_m[1], probe_elev_m[2] );
		double highest_probe_downwind_m= std::max ( highest_probe_temp, probe_elev_m[3] );
		boundary2_m = highest_probe_downwind_m - probe_elev_m[0];
	}

	double agl_factor;
	if ( user_altitude_agl_m < BOUNDARY1_m ) {
		agl_factor = 0.5+0.5*user_altitude_agl_m /BOUNDARY1_m ;
	} else if ( user_altitude_agl_m < boundary2_m ) {
		agl_factor = 1.0;
	} else {
		agl_factor = exp(-(2 + probe_elev_m[0] / 2000) * 
                     (user_altitude_agl_m - boundary2_m) / std::max(probe_elev_m[0],200.0));
	}
	
	double ground_wind_speed_mps = _surface_wind_speed_node->getDoubleValue() * SG_NM_TO_METER / 3600;
	double lift_mps = lift_factor* ground_wind_speed_mps * agl_factor;
	
	//the updraft, finally, in ft per second
	strength = fgGetLowPass( strength, lift_mps * SG_METER_TO_FEET, dt );
	_ridge_lift_fps_node->setDoubleValue( strength );
}
